Craniosynotosis

Craniosynotosis is a birth defect of the premature closure of the joints between the bones before the brain is done developing. It can be gene-linked due to an abnormality in a single gene or be caused by a metabolic disease the mother might hold such as rickets, therefore it can be either genetic or in some cases environmental.

Usually it is detected soon after the baby is born, the first sign is an abnormally shaped skull. After the baby is born, doctor can perform surgery on the baby's skull to relieve the pressure being held against the baby's brain, which will allow the brain to keep growing properly. Special medical helmets can also be used to help the baby's skull mold into a more regular shape. In mild cases, surgery is not needed. Severe cases of craniosynotosis can lead to development delays in the intellectual growth of the child or intellectual disabilities.

http://www.ninds.nih.gov/disorders/craniosynostosis/craniosynostosis.htm

http://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/birthdefects/craniosynostosis.html