English Civil War
Zakk Scottđ Ulises Rodriguezâ˝ď¸
Year
1642-1651
The Causes
Charles I attempted to force a prayer book on the country of Scotland. Charles I called parliament to get money so he could have the funds to fight the Scottish. The parliament disagreed with Charles. In doing so the country spit into 2 sections those who supported the king and those who supported parliament. War was not going to be avoided.
Charles I
Charles I is the king of England, Scottland and Ireland. He was king from 1625 after his brother, he was executed in 1649. The conflict between him and the parliament led to his execution.
Charles II
Charles II was born on May 29, 1630 in London, England. After the execution of his father, he lived in exile until he was crowned king of England, Ireland and Scotland in 1661. Charles was known for his lifestyle and feuds with Parliament.
Oliver Cormwell
He was a military leader and was elected to Parliament in 1628 then again in 1640. After the death of Charles I served in the Rump Parliament in set to reform legal system through the establishment of the blue laws. He was considered "lord protector" of England, Wales, and Irelamd from 1653 until death.
Thomas Fairfax
Thomas Fairfax was a leading parliamentarian general in th English civil war. Fairfax opposed the execution of Charles I in 1640. He eventually resigned because he did not approve of Cromwells war against Scotland.
First major battle
The battle of Edgehill (Sunday October 23rd, 1642) was fought near fought near Edgehill and Kinetin in southern Warwickshire. The battle only lasted a day. No one technically won and was writin down in history as indecisive.
Second major battle
Battle of Marston Moor (July 2nd, 1644) is believed to have been the largest battle ever fought on English soil. The war was fought on an open field and lasted roughly 2 hours and the parliament came out as the victor.
Third major battle
The battle of Naseby (June 14th, 1645) was fought of the open fields in a small Northamptonshire village. This was the decisive battle of th Civil War. The battle lasted 3 hours with an outcome of a parliament victory.
Outcome
The outcome of the English Civil War led to the execution of Charles I and the exile of his son Charles II. It gave the parliament power and left the future king powerless. Later on the parliament elected Oliver Cromwell as their leader after Thomas Fairfax resigned his position.
Summary
The English civil war started in 1642 after a split between Charles I and parliament when neither side would back down over their principles where war was the way for their problems to be solved. The country split with those who supported the king and those who supported Parliament. The English civil war had three major battles. Edge hill (1642), Marston Moor(1644) and Naseby (1645). The over outcome was the execution of Charles I and the exile of Charles II. Thomas Fairfax disagreed with the execution and resigned his position witch then Oliver Cormwell took over as leader. Charles II was invited back and crowned king in 1661.
Sources
http://www.battlefieldstrust.com/resource-centre/civil-war/battleview.asp?BattleFieldId=51
http://www.historylearningsite.co.uk/stuart-england/the-causes-of-the-english-civil-war/
http://www.history.com/topics/british-history/oliver-cromwell
http://www.historylearningsite.co.uk/stuart-england/the-english-civil-war/